Nelson Mandela International Day, celebrated on the 18th of July, honours the legacy of one of history’s most iconic leaders and advocates for peace, justice, and human rights and the lasting mark he left on—not only South Africa—but the world.
Today, as we commemorate his life, contributions, and unwavering commitment to justice, equality, and human rights, let's delve into 10 interesting and inspiring facts about Mandela that highlight the depth of his character and the breadth of his impact.
Who was Nelson Mandela?
Nelson Mandela was a global symbol of peace and reconciliation, serving as a pivotal figure in the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalised racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the South African government from 1948 to 1994 that favoured the white minority while oppressing the Black majority.
He dedicated his life to combating racial oppression, leading to his imprisonment for 27 years.
Despite the harsh conditions, Mandela emerged with a commitment to forgiveness and unity, playing a crucial role in the peaceful transition to democracy.
In 1994, he became South Africa's first Black president, leading efforts to heal the nation's deep racial divides.
Mandela's legacy as a champion of human rights and social justice continues to inspire people around the world.
What were Nelson Mandela’s Contributions to Ending Apartheid in South Africa?
Nelson Mandela's contributions to ending apartheid in South Africa were profound and multifaceted, executed through a combination of activism, leadership, and diplomacy.
His dedication to justice and equality became a beacon of hope for millions, and his actions were instrumental in dismantling the oppressive system of racial segregation:
Leadership in the ANC
As a key figure in the African National Congress (ANC), Mandela helped to organise and lead protests, strikes, and campaigns against the apartheid regime. His efforts were crucial in garnering both national and international support for the anti-apartheid movement.
Shift to Armed Struggle
Recognising that peaceful protests were being met with violent repression, Mandela co-founded Umkhonto we Sizwe, the armed wing of the ANC. This strategic shift aimed to apply greater pressure on the apartheid government through acts of sabotage against state infrastructure.
Symbol of Resistance
Mandela’s imprisonment for 27 years turned him into a global symbol of resistance against oppression. His unwavering spirit and moral authority inspired countless individuals and governments worldwide to support the struggle against apartheid.
Negotiations for Peace
After his release in 1990, Mandela played a critical role in negotiations with the apartheid government. His leadership and willingness to engage in dialogue were essential in the peaceful transition to a democratic South Africa.
Historic Elections
Mandela’s efforts culminated in the first multiracial elections in 1994, which he won to become South Africa's first Black president. His presidency marked the official end of apartheid and the beginning of a new era of reconciliation and reconstruction.
Fun and Fascinating Facts About Nelson Mandela
1. Nelson Mandela’s real name was Rolihlahla Mandela.
Nelson Mandela was born as Rolihlahla Mandela on July 18, 1918. "Rolihlahla" means "pulling the branch of a tree" in Xhosa, but more commonly translates to "troublemaker."
He was given the name Nelson by his teacher on his first day of school, following the custom of giving African children English names during that era.
2. Mandela was South Africa’s first Black president, as well as the first president to be democratically elected.
In 1994, Nelson Mandela became South Africa's first Black president and the first to be elected in a fully representative democratic election. His presidency marked the end of centuries of racial segregation and discrimination in the country.
3. He spent 27 years in prison in his fight against apartheid.
Mandela spent 27 years in prison, from 1964 until 1990, for his anti-apartheid activities. He was initially incarcerated on Robben Island, then at Pollsmoor Prison, and finally at Victor Verster Prison.
Despite harsh conditions, he continued to be a symbol of resistance against apartheid.
4. Mandela was a major sports enthusiast.
Mandela was an avid sports fan who recognised the power of sports to unite people, training as a boxer and excelling at long-distance running as a young man.
This was famously demonstrated during the 1995 Rugby World Cup in South Africa, where Mandela wore the Springboks jersey, the symbol of white Afrikaner pride, to show support for the predominantly white national team.
This gesture helped foster national unity and reconciliation.
5. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.
On the 16th of October in 1993, Nelson Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, along with then-President F.W. de Klerk, for their work in ending apartheid and laying the groundwork for a democratic South Africa.
6. Nelson Mandela wrote an autobiography, which was later adapted into a film.
Mandela's autobiography, "Long Walk to Freedom," published in 1994, provides a detailed account of his life, struggles, and triumphs.
The book was later adapted into a film in 2013, with Idris Elba playing Mandela.
7. He was a philanthropist long after the end of his presidency.
After his presidency, Mandela continued to work for social justice through the Nelson Mandela Foundation, which focuses on various issues such as education, rural development, and HIV/AIDS awareness.
8. Nelson Mandela founded South Africa’s first Black law firm.
In 1952, Nelson Mandela and fellow ANC leader Oliver Tambo established Mandela & Tambo, the first Black law firm in South Africa, dedicated to defending those affected by apartheid laws. However, the firm eventually closed as both men became increasingly involved in politics and the anti-apartheid struggle.
9. Mandela received more than 260 awards and honours throughout his lifetime.
Nelson Mandela received more than 260 awards and honours during his lifetime, including honorary degrees from more than 50 universities worldwide. He is also one of the few individuals to have been made an honorary citizen of several cities around the world.
10. Nelson Mandela International Day was created to honour his legacy.
In 2009, the United Nations declared the 18th of July as Nelson Mandela International Day to honour his legacy and encourage people around the world to take action to improve their communities.
Mandela Day is a global call to action that celebrates the idea that each individual has the power to transform the world.
Want to learn more about the Nelson Mandela Foundation and how you can give back on Nelson Mandela International Day?
Click here.